Germanium

Koushik 26/06/2026 19:58:08 Updated 26/06/2026 19:58:08

Property	Value
Atomic Number	32
Element	Germanium
Symbol	Ge
Atomic Mass	72.630 u
Number of Neutrons	42 (most common isotope, Germanium-74)
Number of Protons	32
Number of Electrons	32
Period	4
Group	14
Phase	Solid
Radioactive	No
Natural	Yes
Metal	No
Nonmetal	No
Metalloid	Yes
Type	Metalloid
Atomic Radius	125 pm
Electronegativity	2.01 (Pauling scale)
First Ionization Energy	7.900 eV
Density	5.32 g/cm³
Melting Point	938.25 °C
Boiling Point	2833 °C
Number of Isotopes	5 naturally occurring (Ge-70, Ge-72, Ge-73, Ge-74, Ge-76)
Discoverer	Clemens Winkler
Year	1886
Specific Heat	0.320 J/g·K
Number of Shells	4
Number of Valence Electrons	4