Mahadev Temple (Tambdi Surla)
Mahadev Temple, Tambdi Surla – Goa’s Oldest Surviving Temple Amidst the Western Ghats
Tucked away in the dense forests of the Western Ghats, far from the coastal glamour Goa is known for, lies a gem of ancient architecture and spiritual heritage — the Mahadev Temple of Tambdi Surla. This revered shrine, dedicated to Lord Shiva, is not only the oldest surviving temple in Goa, but also a fine example of Kadamba-Yadava architectural style carved entirely out of basalt stone.
Historical Significance
Built in the 12th century by the Kadamba dynasty, the Mahadev Temple at Tambdi Surla has withstood the test of time, invasions, and natural wear. It is the only temple from that era in Goa that survived the widespread destruction during the Portuguese rule, primarily due to its secluded location within the forest.
The Kadambas, who ruled parts of Karnataka and Goa, were great patrons of Shaivism, and this temple was built to honor Lord Shiva. The use of chlorite schist (a type of soft grey-black stone) allowed artisans to craft intricate details and carvings, which are still visible and remarkably preserved today.
Architecture and Design
This temple is a masterpiece of temple architecture. Though small in size, it is rich in detail and spiritual significance.
- Sanctum (Garbhagriha): Houses the Shiva Linga, the prime deity.
- Mandapa (pillared hall): Supported by intricately carved pillars featuring scenes from Hindu mythology, including figures of elephants, deities, and floral motifs.
- Shikhara (tower): Though modest in height, the shikhara above the sanctum is tiered and complements the overall style of the temple.
- Nandi Shrine: In front of the temple, a finely carved Nandi (bull) sits facing the linga inside, as is customary in Shiva temples.
The temple faces east so that the first rays of the sun fall directly on the deity, a marvel of ancient architectural planning.
Religious Importance
The Mahadev Temple is an active place of worship, drawing devotees and seekers throughout the year. Rituals, especially Shivratri, are conducted with devotion and draw large gatherings. The atmosphere of the temple, enhanced by the surrounding nature, evokes deep spiritual reverence.
This temple is particularly significant to Shaivites in Goa and nearby regions, not only for its age but for its role in preserving traditional worship even during difficult periods of cultural suppression.
Setting and Surroundings
The temple’s surroundings are as breathtaking as the shrine itself. Located at the edge of Bhagwan Mahavir Wildlife Sanctuary, the path to Tambdi Surla is lined with lush greenery, forested hills, and small streams.
- The temple is situated near the Surla River, adding to the serenity of the location.
- Visitors often combine their trip with a trek to the Tambdi Waterfalls, a short distance from the temple.
- The region is rich in flora and fauna, offering a peaceful escape into nature.
How to Reach
- Location: Tambdi Surla, Sanguem Taluk, South Goa
- Distance: About 65 km from Panaji, 22 km from Mollem
- Nearest Railway Station: Kulem
- Nearest Airport: Goa International Airport, Dabolim (approx. 70 km)
Local taxis or self-drive vehicles are the most convenient way to reach the temple. The roads are well-paved but pass through forested regions, adding to the charm of the journey.
Best Time to Visit
- Monsoon (June–September): The surrounding forests and waterfalls are at their most vibrant.
- Winter (November–February): Ideal for pleasant weather and temple visits.
- Maha Shivaratri: The temple becomes a spiritual hub during this major festival.
Visitor Tips
- Carry drinking water and wear comfortable walking shoes.
- Respect the sanctity of the temple; photography inside the sanctum is not permitted.
- Avoid littering and maintain the silence and serenity of the area.
- If trekking to the waterfall, hire a local guide for safety and navigation.
The Mahadev Temple at Tambdi Surla is more than just a religious monument — it is a rare survivor of Goa’s ancient Hindu past, a serene haven nestled in the wilderness, and a timeless symbol of devotion. Its understated elegance, spiritual energy, and natural setting make it a must-visit for history enthusiasts, pilgrims, and nature lovers alike.
A visit here is not just a journey into the forest, but also into the spiritual and cultural soul of Goa.